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17 Jan 2000 The DNS is also • A lookup mechanism for translating objects into other objects. • A globally distributed, loosely coherent, scalable, reliable, dynamic database. • Comprised of three components. – A “name space”. – Servers making that name space available. – Resolvers (clients) which query the servers The Advent of DNS. • Paul Mockapetris, then of USC's Information. Sciences Institute, designed the architecture of the new system, called the Domain Name. System, or DNS. • The initial DNS RFCs were released in 1984: – RFC 882, “Domain Names - Concepts and. Facilities”. – RFC 883, “Domain Names - Implementation Before DNS (until 1985), the name-to-IP address was done by downloading a single file (hosts.txt) from a central server with FTP. – Names in hosts.txt are not structured. – The hosts.txt file still works on most operating systems. It can be used to define local names. Resolver and name server. 1. An application program on a Lectures 16-18. Domain Name System (DNS):. The DNS coordinates the translation of hostnames to IP addresses and IP addresses into hostnames. The translation of IP addresses into hostnames is required if the remote machine performs logging or authentication. For example, the administrators of ftp.cas.mcmaster.ca do When DNS was not into existence, one had to download a Host file containing host names and their corresponding IP address. But with increase in number of hosts of internet, the size of host file also increased. This resulted in increased traffic on downloading this file. To solve this problem the. DNS system was introduced. Have you ever wondered how the Internet really works? Many people do, from simple web surfing to sharing pictures on social media. In fact, the Internet heavily relies on something called a DNS: a database of network names and IP addresses. These three little letters hold huge weight. Without DNS, the Internet as we 28 Oct 2005 PCH / PfP 1, Los Angeles www.nlnetlabs.nl/. This Presentation. • An introduction to the DNS. – Laymen level. – For non-technologists. – About protocol features. – Not a tutorial on how to set up DNS. • Ask Questions! – Jargon, terminology or Dutch pronunciation. DNS is essentially the telephone directory of the Internet. Just as a phone number such as 604-525-5555 is mapped to a name like. John Smith, every device that communicates over the Internet has a unique, machine-readable IP address that is mapped to a human- readable domain name such as www.incognito.com. and has a built in table of name to address translation u Problem: Not scalable u Solution: DNS (Adopted in 1983) u Hierarchical Names: Liberia.cis.ohio-state.edu. Page 4. Raj Jain. The Ohio State University. 24-4. Name Hierarchy reston com edu gov au us dec ohio-state nsf co va cis netlab ee cnri. Unnamed root. Addressing before DNS was introduced: Prior to the introduction of DNS, symbolic name to IP address mappings were stored in the file hosts on each computer or host. Naturally, this scheme did not scale well because updates to the hosts file were necessary on each host every time a new host joined the network. This file